Second Year Medical Course "Anatomy" and "Human Anatomy Practice"

Real-time Advice

1. This course includes "(1) Anatomy: lectures, osteology practice, anatomy practice" and "(2) Neuroanatomy: lectures, practice".
2. As self-study materials, "Supplementary Explanation Prints for Practice" will be distributed, and "Lecture Videos on Each Day's Practice" will be delivered on Moodle.
3. In the "Basic Medical Integration" course, which follows the anatomy practice, problem-solving classes are conducted in small groups. The content observed, experienced, and considered in the anatomy practice as a whole becomes the scenario for the "Basic Medical Integration" course. During the anatomy practice, please strive to extract problems and engage in discussions within and between groups.

Course Objectives

(1) Anatomy
Develop a respectful attitude towards the deceased, understand the will of those who donated their bodies. Build a foundation for learning the comprehensive academic system of medicine, which consists of various fields, by understanding the basic structure of the human body at the macroscopic level, as well as the diversity of structures such as individual differences and anomalies. Acquire the skills to accurately convey observational findings using anatomical terms in both Japanese and English, and develop a responsible attitude and communication skills within collaborative work with colleagues. Develop problem-solving and presentation skills through collaborative work with colleagues, by expanding the knowledge and questions obtained through practice.
(2) Neuroanatomy
Understand the major structures of each part of the brain, including "nuclei, cortex, and pathways", in relation to their functions. Observe the actual structures of the central nervous system, and understand the vascular system, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid, which are important for brain function. Acquire basic knowledge for learning about the functions of the central nervous system and various lesions and their diagnostic methods.

Achievement Goals

There are 64 items. Please refer to the syllabus for details.

Course Outline

* Follow the supplementary explanation prints distributed separately to proceed with the practice. Lecture videos summarizing the key points of each day will be delivered on Moodle. Be sure to prepare by referring to the distributed prints, lecture videos, textbooks, and atlases before coming to the practice room.
* At the beginning of the practice, the instructor will ask students questions about the day's content. The practice will proceed while addressing these questions. Any doubts or questions that arise during the practice will be addressed as needed.
* Lectures will be conducted in accordance with the progress. Printed materials will be distributed.
* All content of the anatomy practice becomes the scenario for the "Basic Medical Integration" course. The "Basic Medical Integration" course, conducted after the anatomy practice, is a problem-solving class. During the practice period, please explore learning questions and extract learning tasks from the doubts obtained. An orientation lecture for the "Basic Medical Integration" course will be held after the anatomy practice. Group learning time is provided, where themes are extracted, materials are reviewed and discussed, tasks are solved, presentation content is reviewed, and materials are prepared for the presentation.
(2) Neuroanatomy
* Lectures will be conducted prior to the practice. Printed materials will be distributed. The practice will proceed according to the supplementary explanation prints distributed separately.

Notes on Enrollment

The content learned in anatomy, histology, physiology, and embryology are mutually related and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of human structure and function. Please study with an awareness of the overall picture of "human". This will be the foundation of medicine that you will be involved in in the future. Make sure to understand basic terms in English.
(1) Anatomy
In anatomy practice, four people will be assigned to one body, and two people will be responsible for one side. Please proceed with the practice by appropriately exchanging the assigned parts within the group. When exchanging, please explain to each other. The practice will proceed according to the supplementary explanation prints distributed separately.
Lecture videos summarizing the key points of each day's practice will be delivered on Moodle. The lecture videos do not cover all the content of the practice. It is essential to study the lecture videos, supplementary explanation prints, textbooks, and atlases together, and prepare a sub-note on what to dissect and observe for the day's target. It is necessary to prepare notes on parts that you are not responsible for as well. Those who do not prepare are not qualified to practice.
It is important to explain to each other what you have learned, dissected, observed, and understood. Acquiring the skills to explain accurately and appropriately is also part of the practice. Please share your experiences and knowledge with group members and members of other groups.
Absence or tardiness will inconvenience your partner and should be avoided. If you must be absent, please take measures to make up for the progress. Unauthorized absence is not allowed. If you are absent for more than 20% of the practice, regardless of the reason, you will not be recognized as having completed the practice.
Lectures will be conducted in accordance with the progress. Handouts containing all slides will be distributed.

After the anatomy practice, the "Basic Medical Integration" course will be conducted. This is a problem-solving class based on the scenario of all the content of the anatomy practice. During the anatomy practice period, please explore learning questions and extract learning tasks from the doubts obtained. An orientation lecture for the "Basic Medical Integration" course will be held after the anatomy practice. Group learning time is provided, where themes are extracted, materials are reviewed and discussed, tasks are solved, presentation content is reviewed, and materials are prepared for the presentation. Please refer to the syllabus for details.

(2) Neuroanatomy
Lectures will be conducted prior to the practice. Printed materials will be distributed. The practice will proceed according to the supplementary explanation prints distributed separately.

Textbooks and References

The necessary books for learning anatomy include (1) textbooks, (2) atlases, and (3) practice guides.
1-1) Gray’s Anatomy for Students
Third edition (2014) by R. L. Drake et al., Elsevier (English, third edition). There is also a translation (2016, third edition, Elsevier Japan).
1-2) 解剖学講義伊藤隆著 (改訂第三版）　(2012年)　南山堂
1-3) イラスト解剖学　松村穣児著　第８版　（2014年）中外医学社　平易な記載とユーモアあふれるイラスト。内容は深い。
1-4) 図解　解剖学事典　第３版　Feneis著　山田英知訳　(2013年）医学書院
1-5) 神経解剖カラーテキスト A. R. Crossman, D. Neary 著野村嶬、水野昇訳、医学書院 1-6) 臨床神経解剖学原書第6版 (2013/7/1) FitzGerald & Folan-Curran 著井出千束ら訳、医歯薬出版
1-7) カラー図解神経解剖学講義ノート　寺島俊雄著 (2011/12/5）金芳堂
2-1) ネッター解剖学アトラス第5版南江堂
2-2) プロメテウス解剖学アトラス　第2版全3巻総論・運動器系、頸部/胸部/腹部・骨盤部、頭部/神経解剖　（2015/1）
2-3) グレイ解剖学アトラス　原著第2版　（2015/9）エルゼビア・ジャパン
2-4) グラント解剖学図譜　第7版　医学書院　(2016/1)
2-5) ハインズ神経解剖学アトラス　第4版　山内昭雄訳、メディカルサイエンスインターナショナル　
3-1) 解剖学実習の手引き改訂11版寺田春水、藤田恒夫著南山堂実習はこの手引き書に従って行いますので、必ず準備して下さい。

Grading Method

(1) Anatomy
Three oral examinations will be conducted. A written examination will be held. A report must be submitted at the end of the practice.
(2) Neuroanatomy
Sketches will be required during the practice. A written examination will be held.
Grades will be comprehensively evaluated based on oral exams, written exams, and reports. Regardless of the reason,
if a student is absent from more than 20% of the anatomy practice, completion of the practice will not be recognized.